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Tire Pressure and Inflation

July 16th, 2009 Orlando Bike No comments

How To Inflate A Tire

The easiest way to keep your bicycle running well is regularly checking tire pressure. Properly inflated rubber rides best, lasts longest and resists flats. For high-pressure skinny road tires, check before every ride. For fatter rubber, such as what’s on most off-road bikes, once a week is about right. But DON’T head to a service station and use the car-tire compressor! (They can explode a bike tire in seconds.) Do it with your “floor” (home) pump. Here’s how:

Get a “floor” pump with built-in gauge for checking inflation.
Carry a portable pump for fixing flats on rides.

Know your valve type: You need to know your tube’s valve type to ensure that you purchase the correct tubes as replacements. And, so you know how to set up your pump, how to attach the pump to the valve and inflate the tire.

To add or let air out of Presta valves, you must first unscrew the tip by turning it counterclockwise. To let air out, press down on the tip, which opens the valve. Also, before inflation, press down to make sure the valve is open.

For Schrader valves, to release air, press something into the valve to depress the valve core (the little pin inside the valve). To inflate, simply attach the pump and get to work.

Tips

  • Presta valves are also called “French” and “needle” valves.
  • Not all Presta valves have threaded shafts as shown; some are mostly rubber.
  • Presta valves come in different lengths. Match the length of the valves that came on your wheels. The deeper your rims are, the longer the valves need to be.
  • Schrader valves are the same as automobile valves.
  • Valves usually come with plastic caps. These provide a little protection and a “finished” look. But, many cyclists choose not to ride with them because it’s easier to inflate tires when the caps are already removed.
  • Attach the pump: There are many different types of pumps and the best way to guarantee using yours correctly is carefully reading the directions. Many modern pumps feature a head that fits both valve types. You simply use the hole that fits on the valve (skinny one for Presta and larger for Schrader).

    Some pumps have convertible heads on which you must reassemble the parts when you want to pump up a different valve. If you have this type, set it up for the valves on your bicycle and keep the directions handy so you’ll remember how to adapt it when necessary.

    It’s easy enough to attach the pump to the valve. Be sure to open a Presta valve first by unscrewing and briefly pressing on the tip. And, press the pump head on far enough (cover about one to two thirds of the valve).

    If the pump head has a “lever lock,” flip it to attach the head to the valve and start pumping (photo).

    Tip

  • Don’t pump too vigorously. Slow and steady gets the job done quickly and prevents pump damage (it’s possible to harm the gauge by pumping too quickly).
  • Inflate the tire: How much tire pressure should you run? A practical approach is to use the manufacturer’s recommended pressure, which you’ll find printed on the tire sidewall (it’s often on a small label but it might be molded into the casing, too, so look closely). This suggested inflation range is a good starting point. If it’s a wide range, for example 40 to 60 psi, experiment to find which pressure works and feels best.

    How the tires feel depends on rider weight, too. Check our chart for recommended pressures.

    Tips

  • Many cyclists put too little air in road tires, which makes it harder to pedal, wears the tires prematurely and causes more flats.
  • Likewise, many riders use too much air in off-road tires, which reduces traction and control, and creates a harsh ride.
  • Be sure to keep Hydrated

    July 16th, 2009 Orlando Bike No comments

    Hydration Tips

    Drink Early and Often

    The best defense against dehydration is a good offense — drink often – at least 1 litre per hr. for moderate activity in moderate conditions. It’s also better to drink continuously – 6-8 oz. every 15-20 minutes is recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine. Remember that thirst is a delayed response, and by the time you’re thirsty, your body is already dehydrated. So pre-hydrating is vital before taking part in any summer exercise. The ACSM also recommends drinking between 14-20 oz. of fluids two hours before exercising.

    Freeze Some Water in Your Reservoir

    The night before your planned activity, fill your reservoir about halfway with water and lay it flat in the freezer (make sure to lay it flat so the water freezes evenly and not in big lump at the bottom of the reservoir). The next day, before starting out, fill the rest of the reservoir with water. The huge chunk of ice will melt much slower than if strictly ice cubes were used. You’ll have cold water for a much longer peroid of time throughout the day. This tip isn’t just for the “refreshing factor”, although that’s nice. It’s been proven that your body absorbs cooler water more rapidly than warm water.

    Keep Water Out of Your Drinking Tube

    If you hate that first warm sip of water from your hydration pack, this tip can help you. This is something we’ve always recommended for our winter hydration packs, but it works well in summer too. When finished drinking, blow the water back through the tube into the reservoir. This will prevent the water from warming up in the drinking tube.

    Replace Your Electrolytes

    You don’t have to be in a marathon or on a century ride for your body to thirst for electrolytes. In the summer heat, think of how often you bring a sports drink to a ballgame, BBQ, or to the lake. CamelBak’s Elixir is sugar-free, highly portable and can easily be split in half and added to a small bottle of water or used with the CamelBak Better Bottle. It contains a healthy amount of sodium, which allows your body to absorb water and rehydrate faster, and can help prevent the onset of hyponatremia (when sodium levels in the body reach a dangerously low level).

    Water Sports Are Still Sports

    Don’t forget that swimming, wakeboarding, and rafting are all water sports that dehydrate you just as much as exercises on land. Plus, your’re probably going to be in the sun’s glare for the duration of the activity. The CamelBak Better Bottle is a great rafting companion – just use a carabiner to clip it to your life jacket. Or clip it inside your raft and let it sit in some cool river water to stay cold. Make sure you keep plenty of water in the boat during a wakeboarding session.

    Recognize the Symptoms of Heat Illness and Get Out of the Sun

    Dehydration can set in sooner than you think. You can easily lose 2 liters/hour on a hard ride or a run on a hot day. In a recent position statement of the National Athletic Trainers Association, as little as a 1 to 2 percent loss of fluids could negatively affect function and performance. A 1 to 2 percent loss of fluids can occur after a little more than one hour of moderate activity in cool weather. At 3 percent, the risk of potential heat illness increases exponentially.

    Bring Water To All-Day Events

    Water is usually expensive and often neglected at concerts, amusement parks, baseball games and other events. Bring a recyclable plastic bottle of water or even a hydration pack into the venue.

    Some General Guidelines on What Happens if you Don’t Drink:

    Dehydration Levels % of Body Weight Lost Fluid Loss in LBS and Liters About How Soon This Can Happen Effects and Symptoms
    Minor 1% 1.5 lbs
    .75 Liters
    1 hour Decreased athletic performance, decreased muscular endurance
    Initial Stage 2% 3.0 lbs
    1.5 Liters
    2-3 hours Muscle cramps, loss of strength, fatigue
    Performance Loss 3% 4.5 lbs
    2.25 Liters
    3-4 hours Dizziness, serious fatigue, nausea, high temperature
    Heat Stroke 7+% 11+ lbs
    5+ Liters
    7+ hours Collapse, loss of consciousness